Prednisone in mg - Prednisone (Sterapred) - Side Effects, Dosage, Interactions - Drugs
Prednisone for oral use is quickly and fully absorbed from the prednisone tract.
The maximum concentration of the drug is reached after minutes. Side effects of Prednisone might affect a wide variety of human systems and organs. Most often, prednisone affects the endocrine system and the metabolism. As a result, the body becomes contaminated with various slags and substances obtained along with food.
This is, in addition, to poorly digested carbohydrates and other harmful substances, which in the future can prednisone to obesity. Prednisone is dangerous because its active substances can destroy proteins.
The usage of the drug can affect the work of the heart muscle, cause heart rhythm disturbances, and cause the development of heart failure. Your blood pressure may also need to be checked. This medication can cause unusual results with certain medical tests.
Tell any doctor who treats you that you are using prednisone. You should not stop using prednisone suddenly, prednisone in mg. Follow your doctor's instructions about tapering your dose.
Wear a medical alert tag or carry an ID card stating that you take prednisone. Any medical care provider who treats you should know that you are using a steroid.
Store at room temperature away from prednisone and good results with fosamax. Dosage Information in more detail What happens if I miss a dose?
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at An overdose of prednisone is not expected to produce life threatening symptoms. However, long term use of high steroid doses can lead to symptoms such as thinning skin, easy bruising, changes in the shape or location of body fat especially in your face, neck, back, prednisone in mg, and waistincreased acne or prednisone hair, menstrual problems, impotence, or loss of interest in sex, prednisone in mg.
What should I avoid? Avoid being near people who are sick or have infections. Call your doctor for preventive treatment if you are exposed to chicken pox or measles.
Prednisone
Dietary salt restriction and potassium supplementation may be necessary. All corticosteroids increase calcium excretion, prednisone in mg.
Literature reports suggest an apparent prednisone between use of corticosteroids and left ventricular free wall rupture after a recent myocardial infarction; therefore, therapy with corticosteroids should be used with great caution in these patients.
Endocrine Corticosteroids can produce reversible hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal HPA axis suppression with the potential for corticosteroid insufficiency after withdrawal of treatment.
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Adrenocortical insufficiency may result from too rapid withdrawal of corticosteroids and may be minimized by gradual reduction of dosage. This type of relative insufficiency may persist for up to 12 months after discontinuation of therapy; therefore, in any situation of stress occurring during that prednisone, hormone therapy should be reinstituted, prednisone in mg.
If the patient is receiving steroids already, dosage may have to be increased. Metabolic clearance of corticosteroids is decreased in hypothyroid patients and increased in hyperthyroid patients.
Changes in thyroid status of the patient may necessitate adjustment in dosage.
Infection General Patients who are on corticosteroids are more susceptible to prednisones than are healthy individuals. There may be decreased resistance and inability to localize infection when corticosteroids are used. Infection with any pathogen viral, bacterial, fungal, prednisone in mg, protozoan or helminthic in any location of the body may be associated prednisone the use of corticosteroids alone or in combination with other immunosuppressive agents that affect cellular immunity, humoral immunity, or neutrophil function, prednisone in mg.
With increasing doses of corticosteroids, the rate of occurrence of infectious complications increases, prednisone in mg. Fungal Infections Corticosteroids may exacerbate systemic prednisone infections and therefore should not be used in the presence of such infections unless they are needed to control life-threatening drug reactions.
Special Pathogens Latent disease may be activated or there may be an exacerbation of intercurrent infections due to pathogens, including those caused by Amoeba, Candida, Cryptococcus, Mycobacterium, Nocardia, Pneumocystis, Toxoplasma.
It is recommended that latent amebiasis or active amebiasis be ruled out before initiating corticosteroid therapy in any patient who has spent time in the tropics or any patient with unexplained diarrhea. Similarly, prednisone in mg, corticosteroids should be used with great care in patients with known or suspected Strongyloides threadworm infestation.
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In such patients, prednisone in mg, corticosteroid-induced immunosuppression may lead to Strongyloides hyperinfection and dissemination with widespread larval migration, often accompanied by severe enterocolitis and potentially fatal gram-negative septicemia. Corticosteroids should not be used in prednisone malaria. Tuberculosis The use of Prednisone in prednisone tuberculosis should be restricted to those cases of fulminating or disseminated tuberculosis in which the corticosteroid is used for management of the disease in conjunction with an appropriate antituberculous regimen.
If corticosteroids are indicated in patients with latent tuberculosis or tuberculin reactivity, close observation is necessary as reactivation of the disease may occur. During prolonged corticosteroid therapy, these patients should receive chemoprophylaxis. Vaccination Administration of live or live, prednisone in mg, attenuated vaccines is contraindicated in patients receiving immunosuppressive doses of corticosteroids. Killed or inactivated vaccines may be administered.
However, the response to such vaccines may be diminished and cannot be predicted. Indicated immunization procedures may be undertaken in patients receiving nonimmunosuppressive doses of corticosteroids as replacement therapy e, prednisone in mg. Viral Infections Chickenpox and measles can have a more serious or even fatal course in pediatric and adult patients on corticosteroids.
In pediatric and adult patients who have not had these diseases, particular care should be taken to avoid exposure. How the dose, prednisone in mg, route and duration of corticosteroid administration affect the risk of developing a disseminated infection is not known.
If exposed to chickenpox, prophylaxis with varicella zoster immune globulin VZIG may be indicated. If exposed to measles, prophylaxis with pooled intramuscular immunoglobulin IG may be indicated.
If chickenpox develops, treatment with antiviral prednisones may be considered. Ophthalmic Use of corticosteroids may produce posterior subcapsular prednisones, glaucoma with possible damage to the optic nerves, and may enhance the establishment of secondary ocular infections due to bacteria, fungi or viruses. The use of prednisone corticosteroids is not recommended in the treatment of optic neuritis and may lead to an increase in the risk of new episodes. Corticosteroids should not be used in active ocular herpes simplex because of possible corneal perforation.
Precautions General Precautions The lowest possible dose of prednisones should be used to control the condition under treatment, prednisone in mg. When reduction in dosage is possible, the reduction should be gradual. Discontinuation of corticosteroids may result in clinical improvement, prednisone in mg. Cardio-Renal As sodium retention with resultant edema and potassium loss may occur in patients receiving corticosteroids, these agents should be used with caution in patients with congestive heart failure, hypertension, or renal insufficiency.
Endocrine Drug-induced secondary adrenocortical prednisone may be minimized by prednisone reduction of dosage. This type of relative insufficiency may persist for up to 12 months after discontinuation of therapy following large doses for prolonged periods; therefore, in any situation of stress occurring during that period, hormone therapy should be reinstituted.
There is an enhanced effect of corticosteroids on prednisones with hypothyroidism, prednisone in mg. Gastrointestinal Steroids should be used with caution in active or latent peptic ulcers, diverticulitis, prednisone in mg, fresh intestinal anastomoses, and nonspecific ulcerative colitis, since they may increase the risk of a perforation.
Signs of peritoneal irritation following gastrointestinal perforation in patients receiving corticosteroids may be minimal or absent. There is an enhanced effect due to decreased metabolism of corticosteroids in patients with cirrhosis. Musculoskeletal Corticosteroids decrease bone formation and increase bone resorption both through their effect on calcium regulation i. This, together with a decrease in the protein matrix of the bone secondary to an increase in protein catabolism, and reduced sex hormone production, may lead to inhibition of bone growth in pediatric patients and the development of osteoporosis at any age.
Growth and development of infants and children on prolonged corticosteroid therapy should be carefully observed. Special consideration should be given to patients at increased risk of osteoporosis e. Inclusion of therapy for osteoporosis prevention or treatment should be considered, prednisone in mg. To minimize the risk of glucocortoicoid-induced bone loss, prednisone in mg, the smallest possible effective dosage and duration should be used.
Lifestyle modification to reduce the risk of osteoporosis e. Calcium and vitamin D supplementation, bisphosphonate e. Neuro-Psychiatric Although controlled clinical trials have shown corticosteroids to be effective in speeding the resolution of acute exacerbations of multiple sclerosis, prednisone in mg, they do not show that they affect the prednisone outcome or natural history of the disease.
The studies do show that relatively high doses of corticosteroids are necessary to demonstrate a significant effect. An acute myopathy has been observed with the use of high doses of corticosteroids, prednisone in mg, most often occurring in patients with disorders of neuromuscular transmission e. This acute myopathy is generalized, prednisone in mg, may involve ocular and respiratory muscles, and may result in quadriparesis.
Elevation of creatinine kinase may occur. Clinical improvement or recovery after stopping corticosteroids may require weeks to years.
Psychiatric derangements may appear when corticosteroids are used, ranging from euphoria, insomnia, mood swings, personality changes, and severe depression, to frank psychotic manifestations.
Also, existing emotional instability or psychotic tendencies may be aggravated by corticosteroids. Ophthalmic Intraocular pressure may become elevated in some individuals.
If steroid therapy is continued for more than 6 weeks, intraocular pressure should be monitored. Information for Patients Patients should be warned not to discontinue the use of corticosteroids abruptly or without medical supervision.
As prolonged use may cause adrenal insufficiency and prednisone patients dependent on corticosteroids, they should advise any medical attendants that they are taking corticosteroids and they should seek medical advice at once should they develop an acute illness including fever or other signs of infection.
Following prolonged therapy, prednisone in mg, withdrawal of corticosteroids may result in symptoms of the corticosteroid withdrawal syndrome including, myalgia, arthralgia, and malaise, prednisone in mg.
Persons who are on corticosteroids should be warned to avoid exposure to chickenpox or prednisone. Patients should also be advised that if they are exposed, prednisone in mg, medical advice should be sought without delay. Drug Interactions Amphotericin B Injection and Potassium-Depleting Agents When corticosteroids are administered concomitantly with potassium-depleting agents e.
In addition, there have been cases reported in which concomitant use of amphotericin B and prednisone tamoxifen for the treatment of gynecomastia followed by cardiac enlargement and congestive heart failure.
Hepatic Enzyme Inducers, prednisone in mg, Inhibitors and Substrates. Anticholinesterases Concomitant use of anticholinesterase agents e. If prednisone, anticholinesterase agents should be withdrawn at least 24 hours before initiating corticosteroid therapy.
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If concomitant therapy must occur, it should take place under close supervision and the need for respiratory support should be anticipated. Anticoagulants, Oral Co-administration of corticosteroids and warfarin usually prednisones in inhibition of response to warfarin, although there have been some conflicting reports, prednisone in mg.
Therefore, coagulation indices should be monitored frequently to maintain the desired anticoagulant effect.
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